COSMETIC SURGERY FOR AGEING SKIN: FACE-LIFTING
Attractiveness is considered a great asset in our society. As a result, there has been a surge in the demand for cosmetic surgery. This is most obvious in the United States, but the demand is also growing here in Australia. Cosmetic surgery is now sought by people from all walks of life, not just television personalities and film stars.There have been many advances in the field of cosmetic surgery, both in surgical techniques and anesthesia. Many cosmetic procedures are now performed under twilight anesthetic in day procedure centers, so that hospitalization is not necessary. This also means that cosmetic surgery can be done less expensively, and that people can resume normal activities within a short time. Improvements in the area are continuing into the 1990s, particularly with the advent of laser surgery.
Face-liftingFace-lifting is the best known of all cosmetic procedures. Here both the skin and the underlying supporting tissues are pulled up against gravity and re-attached to the upper part of the cheek bone. Face-lifting lasts about ten years and is most suitable for sagging facial and neck skin. It is less effective for fine wrinkles and does not improve the textural changes that occur due to sun damage, that is, photoageing. Many people are disappointed with the results of face-lifting, because they have unrealistic expectations of what it can achieve.Major advances have occurred in this field, especially over the last decade. In the past, many facelifts looked rather unnatural and often produced unsightly scars as well as swelling and bruising. People often needed to take two weeks off work and hide from curious friends and neighbors. The older method of face-lifting relied on pulling the skin very tight under excessive tension. This distorted the facial features and did not last very long.A breakthrough occurred in the 1970s when surgeons took into account the fact that the facial skin is supported by an underlying structure called the SMAS. This membrane surrounds and supports the delicate facial muscles. By pulling up the SMAS against gravity, and attaching it to the top of the cheeks, facelifts became more natural looking and longer-lasting. Lasers, for example KTP lasers, are now used in face-lifting, causing almost no bruising or bleeding.Another major improvement in facelift surgery occurred in the field of anesthesia. Facelifts are now routinely performed under twilight anesthetic as a day patient procedure. This lighter anesthetic has minimal health risks, so that facelifts can be done more safely with much quicker recovery. In the United States, people can now return to work within four or five days with no obvious signs of recent surgery.Complications can occur with face-lifting, although major problems are rare. It is common to see swelling and bruising, and scars are often visible behind the ears at the hairline. Scars in front of the ears are usually virtually imperceptible.Anyone contemplating a facelift must remember that the procedure only lifts the skin up against gravity. It will not improve the skin’s texture and will certainly not remove wrinkles around the mouth. To do this, a chemical peel or dermabrasion is necessary.
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